Bateson , William

Bateson , William
(1861–1926) British geneticist
Born in the coastal town of Whitby in northeast England, Bateson graduated in natural sciences from Cambridge University in 1883, having specialized in zoology. He then traveled to America, where he studied the embryology of the wormlike marine creatureBalanoglossus. He discovered that, although its larval stage resembles that of the echinoderms (e.g. starfish), it also has gill slits, the beginnings of a notochord, and a dorsal nerve cord, proving it to be a primitive chordate. This was the first evidence that the chordates have affinities with the echinoderms.
Back at Cambridge Bateson began studying variation within populations and soon found instances of discontinuous variation that could not simply be related to environmental conditions. He believed this to be of evolutionary importance, and began breeding experiments to investigate the phenomenon more fully. These prepared him to accept Mendel's work when it was rediscovered in 1900, although other British scientists were largely skeptical of the work. Bateson translated Mendel's paper into English and set up a research group at Grantchester to investigate heredity in plants and animals.
Through his study of the inheritance of comb shape in poultry, Bateson demonstrated that Mendelian ratios are found in animal crosses (as well as plants). He turned up various deviations from the normal dihybrid ratio (9:3:3:1), which he rightly attributed to gene interaction. He also found that certain traits are governed by two or more genes, and in his sweet-pea crosses showed that some characters are not inherited independently. This was the first hint that genes are linked on chromosomes, but Bateson never accepted T.H. Morgan's explanation of linkage or the chromosome theory of inheritance.
In 1908 Bateson became the first professor of the subject he himself named – genetics. However he left Cambridge only a year later and in 1910 became director of the newly formed John Innes Horticultural Institution at Merton, Surrey, where he remained until his death. He was the leading proponent of Mendelian genetics in Britain and became involved in a heated controversy with supporters of biometrical genetics such as Karl Pearson. The views of both sides were later reconciled by the work of Ronald Fisher. Bateson wrote a number of books, including the controversial Materials for the Study of Variation (1894) andMendelian Heredity – A Defence (1902); he also founded, with R.C. Punnett, the Journal of Genetics in 1910.

Scientists. . 2011.

Игры ⚽ Поможем решить контрольную работу

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Bateson, William — born Aug. 8, 1861, Whitby, Yorkshire, Eng. died Feb. 8, 1926, London British biologist. In 1900, while studying inheritance of traits, he was drawn to the research of Gregor Mendel, which explained perfectly the results of his own plant… …   Universalium

  • Bateson, William — ► (1861 1926) Biólogo británico. Descubrió el mecanismo de la herencia, pero al ser rehabilitados los trabajos de Mendel, hacia el año 1890, dio prioridad al sabio agustino. * * * (8 ago. 1861, Whitby, Yorkshire, Inglaterra–8 feb 1926, Londres).… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Bateson,William — Bate·son (bātʹsən), William. 1861 1926. British biologist who was one of the founders of the science of genetics. He experimentally proved Gregor Mendel s theories on heredity and published the first English translation of Mendel s work in 1900.… …   Universalium

  • Bateson — Bateson, William …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • William Bateson — William Bateson. William Bateson (* 8. August 1861 in Whitby; † 8. Februar 1926 in Merton) war ein britischer Genetiker. Er prägte 1906 den Begriff Genetik. Der Biologe, Anthropologe und Naturphilosoph Gregory Bateson war sein Sohn …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • BATESON (W.) — BATESON WILLIAM (1861 1926) Zoologiste et généticien anglais. Lorsqu’en 1900 Bateson prend connaissance des lois de Mendel, il est biologiste à Cambridge et ses Materials for the Study of Variation Treated with Especial Regards to Discontinuity… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • William Bateson — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Bateson. William Bateson William Bateson Naissance 8 août 1861 Whitby ( …   Wikipédia en Français

  • William — /wil yeuhm/, n. 1. a word formerly used in communications to represent the letter W. 2. a male given name: from Germanic words meaning will and helmet. * * * (as used in expressions) Huddie William Ledbetter Aberhart William George William… …   Universalium

  • William — (as used in expressions) William Alexander Abbott Aberhart, William George William Russell Amis, Sir Kingsley (William) Ashley, William Henry Ashton, Sir Frederick (William Mallandaine) Barkley, Alben W(illiam) Bartram, William William Allen… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • William Bateson — Nacimiento 8 de agosto de 1861 Whitby Fallecimiento 8 de febrero de 1926 …   Wikipedia Español

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”