Kornberg , Arthur

Kornberg , Arthur
(1918–) American biochemist
Kornberg was born in Brooklyn, New York, and graduated from the City College of New York in biology and chemistry in 1937. He then studied medicine at Rochester University, gaining his MD in 1941. He joined the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, where from 1942 to 1953 he directed research on enzymes. During this period he helped elucidate the reactions leading to the formation of two important coenzymes, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and diphosphopyridine nucleotide (DPN; later renamed nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide – NAD).
From 1953 to 1959 Kornberg was professor of microbiology at Washington University. In 1956, while investigating the synthesis of coenzymes, he discovered an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of polynucleotides from nucleoside triphosphates. This enzyme, which he named DNA polymerase, can be used to synthesize short DNA molecules in a test tube, given the appropriate triphosphate bases and a DNA template. For the discovery and isolation of this enzyme, Kornberg was awarded the 1959 Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine, sharing the award with Severo Ochoa, who discovered the enzyme catalyzing the formation of RNA.
Kornberg was chairman of the biochemistry department at Stanford University from 1959 and his work there has contributed to the understanding of the synthesis of phospholipids and many reactions of the tricarboxylic acid, or Krebs, cycle.

Scientists. . 2011.

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  • KORNBERG, ARTHUR — (1918– ), U.S. biochemist and Nobel laureate. Born in Brooklyn, N.Y., Kornberg received his B.Sc. at City College, New York, in 1937 and his M.D. at the University of Rochester in 1937. After medical posts including an appointment with the U.S.… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Kornberg, Arthur — born March 3, 1918, Brooklyn, N.Y., U.S. U.S. biochemist and physician. He studied at the University of Rochester. In 1959 he joined the faculty at Stanford University. While studying how living organisms manufacture nucleotides, his research led …   Universalium

  • Kornberg, Arthur — (b. 1918)    US biochemist and Nobel laureate, 1959. After a career in the Public Health Service, Kornberg became professor of microbiology at Washington University, and later professor of biochemistry at Stanford University. He shared the 1959… …   Who’s Who in Jewish History after the period of the Old Testament

  • Kornberg,Arthur — Korn·berg (kôrnʹbûrg ), Arthur. Born 1918. American biochemist. He shared a 1959 Nobel Prize for work on the biological synthesis of nucleic acids. * * * …   Universalium

  • Kornberg, Arthur — (b. 1918)    American biochemist. He worked in the public health service, later becoming professor of microbiology at Washington University; subsequently he became professor of biochemistry at Standford University. He shared the Nobel Prize in… …   Dictionary of Jewish Biography

  • Kornberg, Arthur — ► (n. 1918) Biólogo estadounidense. Fue premio Nobel de Medicina y Fisiología en 1959, compartido con Severo Ochoa, por sus trabajos sobre la síntesis de ácidos nucleicos. * * * (n. 3 mar. 1918, Brooklyn, N.Y., EE.UU.). Médico y bioquímico… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Kornberg — Arthur …   Scientists

  • Kornberg — Kornberg, Arthur …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Arthur Kornberg — (* 3. März 1918 in Brooklyn, New York City, USA; † 26. Oktober 2007 in Stanford, Kalifornien) war ein US amerikanischer Biochemiker. Zusammen mit Severo Ochoa erhielt er 1959 den …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Arthur Kornberg — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Arthur Kornberg Arthur Kornberg (Brooklyn, Nueva York, 3 de marzo de 1918 26 de octubre de 2007) fue un bioquímico estadounidense. Estudió Medicina …   Wikipedia Español

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