Sanger , Frederick

Sanger , Frederick
(1918–) British biochemist
Sanger, a physician's son from Rendcombe in England, received both his BA and his PhD from Cambridge University (in 1939 and 1943 respectively). He continued his research at the university and from 1951 until 1983 was a member of the scientific staff of the Medical Research Council. In 1955, after some ten years' work, Sanger established the complete amino-acid sequence of the protein bovine insulin. This was one of the first protein structures identified, and Sanger received the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1958 in recognition of his achievement. Sanger's work enabled chemists to synthesize insulin artificially and generally stimulated research in protein structure.
In 1977 Sanger's team at the MRC laboratories, Cambridge, published the complete nucleotide (base) sequence of the genetic material (DNA) of the virus Phi X 174. This involves determining the order of 5400 nucleotides along the single circular DNA strand. Moreover they found two cases of genes located within genes. Previously it had been thought that genes could not overlap. Sanger's research required the development of new techniques for splitting the DNA into different-sized fragments. These are radioactively labeled and then separated by electrophoresis. The base sequence can then be worked out because it is known which base is located at the end of each fragment due to the specificity of the enzymes (the so-called restriction enzymes) used to split the DNA. Sanger was awarded the Nobel Prize for chemistry a second time (1980) for his work on determining the base sequences of nucleic acids.

Scientists. . 2011.

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  • SANGER Frederick — (n. 1918) (retrato) [véase http://www.iqb.es/diccio/s/sa.htm#sanger]: científico británico Premio Nobel de Química en dos ocasiones por haber dilucidado la estructura de la Insulina y de varios ácidos nucleicos Biografía [véase… …   Diccionario médico

  • Sanger, Frederick — born Aug. 13, 1918, Rendcombe, Gloucestershire, Eng. British biochemist. Educated at the University of Cambridge, he thereafter worked principally at the Medical Research Council in Cambridge (1951–83). He spent 10 years elucidating the structure …   Universalium

  • Sanger, Frederick —    b. 1918, Rendcombe, Gloucestershire    Biologist    Frederick Sanger is one of the foremost British scientists of the century. A molecular biologist, he won the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1958 after working out the structure of insulin.… …   Encyclopedia of contemporary British culture

  • Sanger, Frederick — ► (n. 1918) Bioquímico británico. Fue premio Nobel de Química en 1958, por determinar la estructura de la molécula de insulina. Fue premio Nobel de Química en 1980, compartido con W. Gilbert y P. Berg, por sus trabajos sobre los ácidos nucleicos …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Sanger,Frederick — Sang·er (săngʹər), Frederick. Born 1918. British biochemist. He won a 1958 Nobel Prize for determining the order of amino acids in the insulin molecule and shared a 1980 Nobel Prize for developing methods for mapping the structure and function of …   Universalium

  • Sanger — Frederick …   Scientists

  • Sanger — Sanger, Frederick …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Frederick Sanger — OM, CH, CBE (* 13. August 1918 in Rendcombe, Großbritannien) ist ein britischer Biochemiker. Er gehört zu den wenigen Personen, die zweimal mit dem Nobelpreis geehrt wurden: 1958 erhielt Sanger den Nobelpreis für Chemie (als alleiniger… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Sanger-Methode — DNA Sequenzierung ist die Bestimmung der DNA Sequenz, d. h. der Nukleotid Abfolge in einem DNA Molekül. Die DNA Sequenzierung hat die biologischen Wissenschaften revolutioniert und die Ära der Genomforschung (Genomik) eingeleitet. Seit 1995… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Frederick — /fred rik, euhr ik/, n. 1. a city in central Maryland. 27,557. 2. Also, Frederic. a male given name: from Germanic words meaning peace and ruler. * * * (as used in expressions) Ashton Sir Frederick William Mallandaine Frederick Austerlitz… …   Universalium

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