Pavlov , Ivan Petrovich

Pavlov , Ivan Petrovich
(1849–1936) Russian physiologist
Born at Ryazan in Russia, Pavlov studied medicine and general science at the University of St. Petersburg and the Military Medical Academy. He subsequently carried out research in Breslau (now Wrocław, in Poland) and Leipzig (1883–86). Returning to St. Petersburg, he became professor of physiology at the Medical Academy and director of the physiology department of the Institute of Experimental Medicine.
Pavlov's early research lay in the physiology of mammalian digestion, showing, for example, that the secretion of digestive juices in the stomach is prompted by the sight of food and nerve stimulation via the brain. For this work Pavlov received the Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine (1904). He then went on to study the way that dogs and other animals may be induced to salivate and show signs of anticipation of food by actions, such as the ringing of a bell or even a powerful electric shock, that they have learned to associate with the appearance of food. Pavlov's work on conditional or acquired reflexes, which he believed to be associated with different areas of the brain cortex, has led to a new psychologically-oriented school of physiology and has stimulated ideas as to the probability of many aspects of human behavior being a result of ‘conditioning’.
Pavlov openly criticized communism and the Soviet government. In 1922 he requested and was refused permission to move his laboratory abroad. Following the expulsion of priests' sons from the Medical Academy, Pavlov, himself the son of a priest, resigned from the chair of physiology in protest. Despite such actions his work continued to be supported by state funds and Pavlovian psychology remained popular in the Soviet Union.

Scientists. . 2011.

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  • Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich — Fisiólogo ruso nacido en 1849. Estudió en la Universidad de San Petersburgo. En el año 1889 empezó su investigación sobre las secreciones gástricas a partir de la cual elaboró la teoría del «reflejo condicionado». Las experimentaciones fueron… …   Diccionario médico

  • Pavlov, Ivan (Petrovich) — born Sept. 26, 1849, Ryazan, Russia died Feb. 27, 1936, Leningrad Russian physiologist. He is known chiefly for the concept of the conditioned reflex. In his classic experiment, he found that a hungry dog trained to associate the sound of a bell… …   Universalium

  • Pavlov,Ivan Petrovich — Pav·lov (păvʹlôf , lôv , pävʹləf), Ivan Petrovich. 1849 1936. Russian physiologist who is best known for discovering the conditioned response. He won a 1904 Nobel Prize for research on the nature of digestion.   Pav·loʹvi·an (păv lōʹvē ən, lôʹ )… …   Universalium

  • Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich — ▪ Russian physiologist Introduction born Sept. 14 [Sept. 26, New Style], 1849, Ryazan, Russia died Feb. 27, 1936, Leningrad [now St. Petersburg]  Russian physiologist known chiefly for his development of the concept of the conditioned reflex… …   Universalium

  • Pávlov, Iván (Petróvich) — (26 sep. 1849, Riazán, Rusia–27 feb. 1936, Leningrado). Fisiólogo ruso. Célebre por haber formulado el concepto del reflejo condicionado. En su experimento clásico observó que un perro hambriento, adiestrado para asociar el sonido de una campana… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • PAVLOV, Ivan Petrovich — (1849 1936)    Russian PHYSIOLOGIST and experimental psychologist famous for his experiments with dogs. He is a Father of behaviorist PSYCHOLOGY which essentially denies human FREEDOM and responsibility …   Concise dictionary of Religion

  • Ivan Petrovich Pavlov — Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich Fisiólogo ruso nacido en 1849. Estudió en la Universidad de San Petersburgo. En el año 1889 empezó su investigación sobre las secreciones gástricas a partir de la cual elaboró la teoría del «reflejo condicionado». Las… …   Diccionario médico

  • Ivan Petrovich Pavlov — Ivan Pavlov Pour les articles homonymes, voir Pavlov. Ivan Pavlov Portrait d Ivan Pavlov …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Ivan Petrovich Pavlov — Iwan Pawlow, Pawlow Museum Iwan Petrowitsch Pawlow (russisch Иван Петрович Павлов, wiss. Transliteration Ivan Petrović Pavlov; * 14. Septemberjul./ 26. September 1849greg. in …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Ivan Petrovich Pavlov — noun Russian physiologist who observed conditioned salivary responses in dogs (1849 1936) • Syn: ↑Pavlov, ↑Ivan Pavlov • Derivationally related forms: ↑Pavlovian (for: ↑Pavlov) • Instance Hypernyms: ↑ …   Useful english dictionary

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